PPT Slide
“Characteristics of ill-structuredness found lead to serious obstancles
to the attainment of advanced learning goals (such as the mastery of
conceptual complexity and the ability to independently use instructed
knowledge in new situations that differ from the conditions of
initial instruction). These obstacles can be overcome by shifting from
a constructive orientation that emphasizes the retrieval from memory
of intact preexisting knowledge to an alternative constructivist
which stresses the flexible reassembly of preexisiting knowledge to
adaptively fit the needs of a new situation. Instruction based on this
new constructivist orientation can promote the development of
cognitive-flexibility using theory-based hypertext systems that
themselves possess characteristics of flexibility that mirror those